According to Newton’s law of gravitation,
The force between them is
Properties of G
- The value of gravitational constant G is independent of the mature or masses of the body.
- It is unaffected by the change in temperature or pressure
- It is independent of the directions of the gravitational forces between the two or more masses.
- The gravitational constant G is independent of the medium in which the masses are placed and the chemical composition of masses.
Inertial mass of a body is the measure of ability of the body to oppose the change in the velocity i.e. acceleration produced by an external force.
Gravitational mass of a body is the measure of the gravitational pull acting on the body. It is given by newton’s law of gravitation,
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Inertial Mass |
Gravitational mass |
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It is the mass of material which measures its inertia |
It is the mass of the body which determines the gravitational pull acting upon it. |
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It can be measured when the body is in motion |
It can be measured in the rest position of the body |
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The inertial mass of the body is measured according to Newton’s second law of motion |
By Newton’s law of gravitation, gravitational mass is measured |
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Mass |
Weight |
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It is the measure of inertia |
It is the measure of gravity |
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It is a constant quantity |
It may vary from place to place |
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It is a scalar quantity |
It is a vector quantity |
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It can never be zero |
It is zero at places where g = 0 |
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Its SI-unit is kg |
Its SI-unit is dyne |
Gravitational Potential is the amount of work done in bringing the body of unit mass from infinity to a point inside gravitational field.
Gravitational Field strength is the force experienced by a body of unit mass inside the gravitational field.
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