Torque
The turning effect of force in a body is called torque or moment of force. Generally, it is denoted by τ.
Torque = force * perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation
or, τ = r. F
Relationship between torque and moment of inertia
Let a body of mass ‘M’ made of n particles rotate about an axis YY'. Let m1, m2, m3, ……. Be the mass of particles at the distance of r1, r2, r3 from the axis of rotation. As the angular velocity of all the particles are equal but the linear velocity differs. v1 = r1ω
Differentiation w.r.t to time,
dv1/dt = dr1ω/ dt
α1 = r1α
Since, f = ma,
For m1, f1 = m1 a = m1r1α
For m2, f2 = m2 a= m1r1α
For m3, f3 = m3 a= m1r1α
We know,
Torque for m1, τ = r1. τ = m1r12α
Torque for m1, τ = r2. τ = m2r22α
Torque for m1, τ = r3. τ = m3r32α
Total torque,
τ = m1r12α + m2r22α + m3r32α + ……. + mnrn2α
τ = α (m1r12 + m2r22 + m3r32+ ……. + mnrn2)
τ = α. I
Share on Social Media