Work done in a cyclic process
When a system returns to its initial state after passing through different states, then it is called as cyclic process.
At first the gas is expanded From A to B along the path AXB, thenThe work done by the system from A to X and B (W1) = area of curve AXBCD
Then the gas is compressed from A to B along the path AYB, then
The work done by the system from A to Y and B (W2) = area of curve AYBCD
Since the gas is compressed, we take the work as negative so
work done by the system from A to Y and B is, = - area of curve AYBCD
Then the total work done by the system is (W) = W1 + W2
W = area of curve AXBCD + (- area of curve AYBCD)
W = area of curve AXBCD - area of curve AYBCD
W = area of AXBYA
Internal energy of a gas
Internal energy of a gas is the sum of kinetic and potential energy of the molecules of a body or a system. It is represented by U. The change in the internal energy of a gas is represented by ΔU.
According to the kinetic theory of gases, an ideal gas does not possess intermolecular energy, so the molecules of an ideal gas do not possess potential energy, which results internal energy be wholly kinetic and only a function of temperature.
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