Any people, who have even the slightest bit of interest in the science, will have heard the term “superconductor”. The conducting material that gives zero resistance of electricity is called superconductor and the process is called superconductivity. In simple word, “It is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic flux fields occurring in certain materials, called superconductors, when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature.”
The phenomenon of the superconductivity was discovered by a Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes in April 8, 1911. Kamerlingh Onnes found that at 4.2 Kelvin the resistance in a solid mercury wire immersed in liquid helium suddenly vanished. He immediately realized the significance of the discovery. He reported that "Mercury has passed into a new state, which on account of its extraordinary electrical properties may be called the superconductive state". He published more articles about the phenomenon, initially referring to it as "supraconductivity" and, only later adopting the term "superconductivity".
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